Comparative Study Methanol Vs Ethanol

Comparative Study Methanol Vs Ethanol

Sr. No.	Parameters	Methanol	Ethanol
1	Systematic name	Methanol	Ethanol
2	Class	Class 2	Class 3
3	Chemical Formula	CH3OH	CH3CH2OH
4	Chemical Structure
5	CAS number	67-56-1	64-17-5
6	PubChem	887	702
7	ChemSpider	864	682
8	UNII	Y4S76JWI15	3K9958V90M
9	EC number	200-659-6	200-578-6
10	UN number	1230	1170
11	KEGG	D02309	D00068
12	MeSH	Methanol	Ethanol
13	ChEBI	CHEBI:17790	CHEBI:16236
14	ChEMBL	CHEMBL14688	CHEMBL545
15	RTECS number	PC1400000	KQ6300000
16	Beilstein Reference	1098229	1718733
17	Gmelin Reference	449	787
18	3DMet	B01170	B01253
19	Molecular formula	CH4O	C2H6O
20	Molar mass	32.04 g mol−1	46.07 g mol−1
21	Physical Appearance	Methanol ‘“is a colorless liquid that is also extremely volatile. Its odor is distinctive and it burns as a bright white flame	Ethanol ‘“is a colorless liquid that is extremely volatile. It has a strong, burning odor and will burn as a bright blue flame.
22	Density	0.7918 g/cm3	0.789 g/cm3 (at 20°C)
23	Melting point	-97.6 °C, 176 K, -144 °F	−114 °C, 159 K, -173 °F
24	Boiling point	64.7 °C, 338 K, 148 °F	78.37 °C, 352 K, 173 °F
25	log P	-0.69	-0.18
26	Vapor pressure	13.02 kPa (at 20 °C)	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
27	Acidity (pKa)	15.5	15.9
28	Refractive index (nD)	1.33141	1.361
29	Viscosity	5.9×10−4 Pa s (at 20 °C)	0.0012 Pa s (at 20 °C), 0.001074 Pa s (at 25 °C)
30	Dipole moment	1.69 D	1.69 D
31	European Union classification	F T	F
32	Flash point	11–12 °C	13–14 °C
33	Concentration limit in Extract	3000 ppm	5000 ppm
34	Auto ignition temperature	385 °C	363 °C

Sr. No.	Parameters	Methanol	Ethanol
35	Risk assessment	Class 2 solvents to e limited nongenotoxic animal carcinogens or possible causative agent of other irreversible toxicity such as neurotoxicity, or teratogenicity	Class 3 solvents with low toxic potential to humans; no health based exposure limit is needed
36	Hazards Identification	POISON! DANGER! VAPOR HARMFUL. MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED. HARMFUL IF INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CANNOT BE MADE NONPOISONOUS. FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND LIVER.	WARNING! FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. MAY FORM EXPLOSIVE PEROXIDES IN AIR. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED, INHALED OR OBSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CAUSES IRRITATION TO EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS, REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM, LIVER AND KIDNEYS. POSSIBLE BIRTH DEFECT HAZARD. MAY CAUSE BIRTH DEFECTS BASED ON ANIMAL DATA. MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN.
37	Inhalation	A slight irritant to the mucous membranes. Toxic effects exerted upon nervous system, particularly the optic nerve. Once absorbed into the body, it is very slowly eliminated. Symptoms of overexposure may include headache, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, blindness, coma, and death. A person may get better but then worse again up to 30 hours later.	Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include sore throat, coughing, headache, nausea and shortness of breath. High concentrations have a narcotic effect.
38	Ingestion	Toxic. Symptoms parallel inhalation. Can intoxicate and cause blindness. Usual fatal dose: 100-125 milliliters.	Swallowing may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, weakness. Liver and kidney damage may result from swallowing large quantities of the material.

Sr. No.	Parameters	Methanol	Ethanol
39	Skin Contact	Methyl alcohol is a defatting agent and may cause skin to become dry and cracked. Skin absorption can occur; symptoms may parallel inhalation exposure.	May cause irritation with redness and pain. May be absorbed through the skin with possible systemic effects.
40	Eye Contact	Irritant. Continued exposure may cause eye lesions.	Vapors are irritating and may produce immediate pain, redness and tearing. Splashes can cause severe pain, stinging, swelling.
41	Chronic Exposure	Marked impairment of vision has been reported. Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation.	Prolonged exposure may cause injury to bone marrow, blood cells, kidney, liver and reproductive system. A suspected human reproductive and birth defectHazard.
42	Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions	Persons with pre-existing skin disorders or eye problems or impaired liver or kidney function may be more susceptible to the effects of the substance.	Persons with pre-existing blood or central nervous system disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this substance.
43	Accidental Release Measures	Ventilate area of leak or spill. Remove all sources of ignition. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Isolate hazard area. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Contain and recover liquid when possible. Use non-sparking tools and equipment. Collect liquid in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert material (e. g., vermiculite, dry sand, earth), and place in a chemical waste container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not flush to sewer! If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors, to protect personnel attempting to stop leak, and to flush spills away from exposures. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802.	Ventilate area of leak or spill. Remove all sources of ignition. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Isolate hazard area. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Contain and recover liquid when possible. Use non-sparking tools and equipment. Collect liquid in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert material (e. g., vermiculite, dry sand, earth), and place in a chemical waste container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not flush to sewer! If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse the vapors, to protect personnel attempting to stop leak, and to flush spills away from exposures. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802.
Sr. No.	Parameters	Methanol	Ethanol
44	Fire Fighting Measures	Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. (Water may be ineffective.)	Water spray, dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Water spray may be used to keep fire exposed Containers cool. Water may be used to flush spills away from exposures and to dilute spills to nonflammable Mixtures.
45	Handling and Storage	Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any area where the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles. Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks. Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use non-sparking type tools and equipment, including explosion proof ventilation. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product. Do Not attempt to clean empty containers since residue is difficult to remove. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind or expose such containers to heat, sparks, flame, static electricity or other sources of ignition: they may explode and cause injury or death.	Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any area where the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles. Containers should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static sparks. Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use non-sparking type tools and equipment, including explosion proof ventilation. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product. Sudden release of hot organic chemical vapors or mists from process equipment operating at elevated temperatures and pressure, or sudden ingress of air into vacuum equipment, may result in ignitions without the presence of ignition sources. Published "autoignition" or "ignition" temperature values cannot be treated as safe operating temperatures in chemical processes without analysis of the actual process conditions.
46	Stability	Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage.	Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Do not distill to dryness. Avoid excessive temperatures or prolonged reflux, such as in batch distillations. Formation of explosive peroxides
Sr. No.	Parameters	Methanol	Ethanol
			has been reported from auto-oxidation. Reported to dissolve aluminum from scratched or heated aluminum surfaces.
47	Hazardous Decomposition Products	May form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde when heated to decomposition.	Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may form when heated to decomposition
48	Hazardous Polymerization	Will not occur	Will not occur
49	Incompatibilities	Strong oxidizing agents such as nitrates, perchlorates or sulfuric acid. Will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. May react with metallic aluminum and generate hydrogen gas.	Strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, copper, aluminum.
50	Conditions to Avoid	Heat, flames, ignition sources and incompatibles	Heat, flame, ignition sources, air, incompatibles
51	Toxicological Data	Methyl Alcohol (Methanol) Oral rat LD50: 5628 mg/kg; inhalation rat LC50: 64000 ppm/4H; skin rabbit LD50: 15800 mg/kg; Irritation data-standard Draize test: skin, rabbit: 20mg/24 hr. Moderate; eye, rabbit: 100 mg/24 hr. Moderate. Investigated as a mutagen, reproductive effector.	Oral rat LD50: 2125 mg/kg; inhalation rat LC50: 2000 ppm/7H; irritation eye rabbit, standard Draize: 50 mg moderate; skin rabbit, standard Draize: 500 mg open mild; investigated as a tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector.
52	Extraction	Usually Methanol is more powerful for extraction	Ethanol loses some quantity of extraction efficiency for polar components. it is more food friendly solvent
53	Reactions with Water	Methanol ‘“is soluble in water, which means that it will break down in the presence of water.	Ethanol ‘“is miscible in water, which means that the two substances easily combine to make a homogenous solution.